Wind power photovoltaic power garbage power generation

How does wind power waste change over time?

The volumes of waste change considerably over time: production waste evolves with changes in the expansion of wind power generating capacity; EOL waste lags, due to the average lifetime of wind turbine blades in service; operation & maintenance waste scales directly with the installed capacity of wind power.

Does wind turbine capacity increase blade waste generation?

While existing studies have only presented a cursory estimation of the global and national blade waste generation 7, 18, 19, 20, they have not considered the impact of periodic increases in wind turbine capacity 21, and have lacked resolution in the inventory models when considering waste management strategies 22.

How will China deal with wind turbine blade waste?

Wind power supply chains are evolving as markets expand to reach climate goals. With the largest installed wind power capacity globally, China must deal with increasing composite turbine waste and anticipate its associated costs. Here we predict the quantity and composition of wind turbine blade waste based on historic deployment.

What is the power-use efficiency of PV and wind power plants?

By considering the flexible power load with UHV and energy storage, the power-use efficiency for PV and wind power plants is estimated when the electrification rate in 2060 increases from 0 to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% (a) and the power generation by other renewables in 2060 increases from 0 to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 PWh year −1 (b).

What is the average lifetime of a PV & wind power plant?

We adopted a fixed ratio of O&M costs to investment costs for the projected PV and wind power plants 50, 51. We adopted 25 years (ref. 30) as the average lifetime of PV or wind power plants. We considered the costs of electricity transmission by UHV when increasing the installed capacity of a power plant.

How are PV and wind power plants estimated?

The installed capacity (a) and costs (b) of PV and wind power plants built during 2020–2060 are estimated in our model by optimizing the construction time of individual power plants at a temporal interval of 5 years (bars) or 10 years (stars).