Minfa Aluminum Solar Power Generation

How much energy can be stored in aluminium?

Energy that is stored chemically in Al may reach 23.5 MWh/m 3. Power-to-Al can be used for storing solar or other renewable energy in aluminium. Hydrogen and heat can be produced at low temperatures from aluminium and water. ≈500 kg Al are needed for a 100% solar PV supplied dwelling in Central Europe.

Can aluminium be used for low and zero energy buildings?

Dudita M, Farchado M, Englert A, Carbonell D, Haller M. Heat and power storage using aluminium for low and zero energy buildings. In: Proceedings CLIMA 2019 -13th REHVA World Congress, Bucharest, Romania: 2019, p. 1–6, accepted for publication. US DOE. Fuel Cell Technologies Market Report 2015. 2016.

How much Alumina does a smelter use?

To produce 1 kg of primary aluminum at an efficient smelter requires 1.93 kg of Alumina (deriving from 4 kg of bauxite), 0.4–0.5 kg of Carbon, 20 g AlF3, 50 g cryolite, and 12–16 kWh of electricity [21, 22].

What is the annual Al demand for PV Manufacturing?

For each year of the analysis, the annual Al demand for PV manufacturing comprised the available secondary Al (up to the expected recycled content mass) with any shortfall being provided by primary production.

Can aluminum production be modulated?

The ability to modulate aluminum production is specifically modeled in order to maximize the utilization of RE and minimize the need for storing electricity. Global primary aluminum production was around 64.33 million tons in 2018 , with a corresponding primary aluminum smelting power consumption of about 867,757 GWh .

How much does solar energy cost in Davos?

The energy cost of Davos are in the range of 0.14 €/kWh and thus well below the cost of all the other locations. It is worth to notice that simulations in Davos are neglecting the possibility of snow covering the PV field and therefore the cost may be underestimated.